184 research outputs found
Computational barriers in minimax submatrix detection
This paper studies the minimax detection of a small submatrix of elevated
mean in a large matrix contaminated by additive Gaussian noise. To investigate
the tradeoff between statistical performance and computational cost from a
complexity-theoretic perspective, we consider a sequence of discretized models
which are asymptotically equivalent to the Gaussian model. Under the hypothesis
that the planted clique detection problem cannot be solved in randomized
polynomial time when the clique size is of smaller order than the square root
of the graph size, the following phase transition phenomenon is established:
when the size of the large matrix , if the submatrix size
for any , computational complexity
constraints can incur a severe penalty on the statistical performance in the
sense that any randomized polynomial-time test is minimax suboptimal by a
polynomial factor in ; if for any
, minimax optimal detection can be attained within
constant factors in linear time. Using Schatten norm loss as a representative
example, we show that the hardness of attaining the minimax estimation rate can
crucially depend on the loss function. Implications on the hardness of support
recovery are also obtained.Comment: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOS1300 in the Annals of
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Optimal Estimation and Rank Detection for Sparse Spiked Covariance Matrices
This paper considers sparse spiked covariance matrix models in the
high-dimensional setting and studies the minimax estimation of the covariance
matrix and the principal subspace as well as the minimax rank detection. The
optimal rate of convergence for estimating the spiked covariance matrix under
the spectral norm is established, which requires significantly different
techniques from those for estimating other structured covariance matrices such
as bandable or sparse covariance matrices. We also establish the minimax rate
under the spectral norm for estimating the principal subspace, the primary
object of interest in principal component analysis. In addition, the optimal
rate for the rank detection boundary is obtained. This result also resolves the
gap in a recent paper by Berthet and Rigollet [1] where the special case of
rank one is considered
Sparse PCA: Optimal rates and adaptive estimation
Principal component analysis (PCA) is one of the most commonly used
statistical procedures with a wide range of applications. This paper considers
both minimax and adaptive estimation of the principal subspace in the high
dimensional setting. Under mild technical conditions, we first establish the
optimal rates of convergence for estimating the principal subspace which are
sharp with respect to all the parameters, thus providing a complete
characterization of the difficulty of the estimation problem in term of the
convergence rate. The lower bound is obtained by calculating the local metric
entropy and an application of Fano's lemma. The rate optimal estimator is
constructed using aggregation, which, however, might not be computationally
feasible. We then introduce an adaptive procedure for estimating the principal
subspace which is fully data driven and can be computed efficiently. It is
shown that the estimator attains the optimal rates of convergence
simultaneously over a large collection of the parameter spaces. A key idea in
our construction is a reduction scheme which reduces the sparse PCA problem to
a high-dimensional multivariate regression problem. This method is potentially
also useful for other related problems.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1178 the Annals of
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical
Statistics (http://www.imstat.org
Class-Imbalanced Learning on Graphs: A Survey
The rapid advancement in data-driven research has increased the demand for
effective graph data analysis. However, real-world data often exhibits class
imbalance, leading to poor performance of machine learning models. To overcome
this challenge, class-imbalanced learning on graphs (CILG) has emerged as a
promising solution that combines the strengths of graph representation learning
and class-imbalanced learning. In recent years, significant progress has been
made in CILG. Anticipating that such a trend will continue, this survey aims to
offer a comprehensive understanding of the current state-of-the-art in CILG and
provide insights for future research directions. Concerning the former, we
introduce the first taxonomy of existing work and its connection to existing
imbalanced learning literature. Concerning the latter, we critically analyze
recent work in CILG and discuss urgent lines of inquiry within the topic.
Moreover, we provide a continuously maintained reading list of papers and code
at https://github.com/yihongma/CILG-Papers.Comment: submitted to ACM Computing Survey (CSUR
Efficient non-collinear antiferromagnetic state switching induced by orbital Hall effect in chromium
Recently orbital Hall current has attracted attention as an alternative
method to switch the magnetization of ferromagnets. Here we present our
findings on electrical switching of antiferromagnetic state in Mn3Sn/Cr, where
despite the much smaller spin Hall angle of Cr, the switching current density
is comparable to heavy metal based heterostructures. On the other hand, the
inverse process, i.e., spin-to-charge conversion in Cr-based heterostructures
is much less efficient than the Pt-based equivalents, as manifested in the
almost one order of magnitude smaller terahertz emission intensity and spin
current induced magnetoresistance in Cr-based structures. These results in
combination with the slow decay of terahertz emission against Cr thickness
(diffusion length of ~11 nm) suggest that the observed magnetic switching can
be attributed to orbital current generation in Cr, followed by efficient
conversion to spin current. Our work demonstrates the potential of light metals
like Cr as an efficient orbital/spin current source for antiferromagnetic
spintronics.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figure
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